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What if the string had mass, but was horizontal? Wht if the string was
supported from below, not from above (the string is perfectly straight
and plumb)? What if the string is not acted on by gravity? Change the
assumptions; we change the answer.
Real bodies break at imperfections (stress concentrations). Perfect
bodies don't break, or we wouldn't call them perfect.
There is no paradox here. The problem is accepting an idealization
("exactly the same all along") as describing reality ("a true
statement"). We can reach any conclusion we want if we make
sufficiently unrealistic assumptions. It is quite easy to reach
unrealistic conclusions from ideal (unreal) assumptions (e.g.,
"perfectly incompressible fluid," "frictionless surface," "all things
being equal," "if I were king of the world," "if pigs could fly,"
etc.).
. . .